Transactions on Transport Sciences 2008, 1(3):103-108 | DOI: 10.5507/tots.2008.015
Emissions of persistent organic pollutants from transport in the experience of the Czech Republic
- 1 CDV - Transport Research Centre, Brno, Czech Republic
- 2 Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Czech Republic
This presentation introduces the situation of POPs transport emissions in the Czech Republic since 1993, including a prediction for the years 2010 and 2015, determination of emission factors, possibilities for their reduction, and legislative framework. From the achieved results it is evident that the emissions from road and railway transport exceeded 28 tons in 2005. The naphtalene creates more than 90 % of emissions of vehicles fulfilling EURO I-III limits. The phenanthrene (about 50 % of PAHs) predominates in emissions of older gasoline vehicles that do not fulfil EURO limits; naphtalene content isabout 10 %. Total emissions of PCDDs and PCDFs are relatively low in the same context ofemissions of mostly older vehicles, manufactured before the acceptance of EURO limits. The potential health risks related to human exposure to transport emissions are the subject of interest of our present research.
Keywords: polyaromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxines, polychlorinated dibenzo-furanes, emissions, emission factors, air pollution, transport emissions.
Published: September 1, 2008 Show citation
ACS | AIP | APA | ASA | Harvard | Chicago | Chicago Notes | IEEE | ISO690 | MLA | NLM | Turabian | Vancouver |
References
- Adamec, V., Dufek, J., Jedlička, J., Cholava, R., 2003a. Persistent organic pollutants in transport sector. In. Robert Joumard. 12th Symposium "Transport & Air pollution" volume 2. Arcueil: INRETS, p. 209 - 212. ISBN 2-85782-588-9.
- Adamec, V., Dufek, J., Huzlík, J., Cholava, R., Jedlička, J., Klustová, P., Marešová, V.,Šucmanová, M., 2003b. Research of Environmental Burden from Transport. Brno: CDV, 200 p. (In Czech).
- Bencko, V. & Reichrtová, E., 1992. Immunological Aspects of Exposure to Exhaust Gases. In: Proc. International Workshop on Human Health and Environmental Effects of Motor Vehicle Fuels and their Exhaust Emissions, Sydney, Australia, pp. 185-191.
- Bencko, V., Tuček, M., Volný, J., 1994. Health Aspects of Human Exposure to Exhaust Gases. In: Proc. XIV Asian Conference on Occupational Health. Beijing, China: pp. 423.
- Bencko, V., Šuta, M., Tuček, M., Volný, J., 1996. Health Aspects of Human Exposure to Oxidants and Exhaust Gases. In: Proc. Indoor Air 1996, Nagoya, Japan: pp. 1137-1142.
- Bencko, V., Černá, M., Jech, L., Šmíd, J., 2004. Exposure of Breast-fed children in the Czech Republic to PCDDs, PCDFs, and Dioxin-like PCBs. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, vol.18, pp. 83-90.
Go to original source...
- Dufek, J. & Adamec, V., 2002a. Database of Measured Emission Factors from Transport Sector. CDV, Brno, Czech Republic (In Czech).
- Dufek J. & Adamec, V., 2002b. Methodology of the Calculation of Air Polluting Emissions for All Transport Modes. CDV, Brno, Czech Republic, 24 p. (In Czech).
- Krobl L., 2001. Survey of Emission Factors of Road Motor Vehicles. ÚVMV, Prague, Czech Republic, 35 p. (In Czech).
- Ntziachristos L. & Samaras, Z., 2000. COPERT III - Computer Programme to Calculate Emissions from Road Transport. Methodology and Emission Factors (Version 2.1). EEA, Copenhagen, Denmark, 84 p.
- Reichrtová, E. & Bencko, V., 1996. Immune Response to Exhaust Gases Derived from Two Cycle Combustion Engine Following Experimental Exposure. Centr. eur. J. publ. Health, vol.4. pp.4-10.
- USEPA, 2000. Exposure and Human Health Reassessment of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin (TCDD) and Related Compounds. Part I: Estimating Exposure to Dioxin-Like Compounds. Volume 2: Sources of Dioxin-Like Compounds in the United States. (draft) [online]. Accessible on site http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/part1and2.cfm?ActType=default (cit. 2005-May-11).
- USEPA, 2001. Database of Sources of Environmental Releases of Dioxin-like Compounds in the United States. Version 3.0. (EPA/600/C01/012) [online]. Accessible on site http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/dioxindb.cfm (cit. 2005-05-11).
- WHO, 2000. Guidelines for air quality. Geneva, Switzerland, WHO.
- WHO, 2000a. Air Quality Guidelines for Europe, Second Edition. Regional Publications, European Series, No. 91. Geneva, Switzerland, WHO, 288 p., ISBN 92-890-1358-3.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.